高三英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析

最新高三英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语阅读理解

阅读理解．1 Apple announced its new iPhones last week, but competitors' mobile phones can do many of

the same things for less money. The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge

glass screen and double cameras.

But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian

phone makers can offer similar features for less. At one time, Chinese manufacturers copied

features and designs from others to produce low-cost phones. But they have now added high-end features to their phones and they control nearly spokesperson for the store told

Reuters that,“Huawei is seen as a relevant competitor to Apple and Samsung by covering all major price points and placing big investments in marketing and sales. '' She also said that the Chinese companies Huawei, ZTE, Lenovo and TCL were among the top-10 best-selling smart

half the global mobile phone market. Media MarktSaturn is Europe's biggest electronics seller. A

phones in its stores. Chinese manufacturers' fast growth has been fueled by strong sales in China.

But they now

export 40 percent of their smart phones. That is almost double the number from just three years

ago, according to the investment company CLSA. Huawei is currently the world's

third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple.

According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called Real AI phone. Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese

companies are looking to enter the high-end smart phone market. What is the text mainly about? 1）（ B. Apple smart phone's features.A. Smart phone's manufacturers.

D. Competition among Asian phone makers.C. Asian phone makers' fast growth.

Which is NOT among the top 3 phone makers in the world? ）（2 D. Huawei.C. Apple.

A. TCL. B. Samsung.

What do we know from the text? 3）（A. Huewei will have overtaken Apple by later

2017. B. Chinese makers' phones with high-end

features cost less.C. The top-10 smart phones are to enter the high-end competition. D. 40

percent of Asian

smart phones are exported now. What is the writer's attitude towards Asian phone makers? 4）（ A. Doubtful. B. Concerned. C. Optimistic.

D. Uncertain.

【答案】． D）1（

A2）（ B3）（ C 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，苹果新机“遇冷”，国产手机“争霸”, 亚洲手机制造商 快速发展逼近苹果公司。（1）考查主旨大意。根据第二段“The new iPhone 8 and

X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart

phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less.”新款iPhone 8 和 X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时，一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。可以推断出本文主要讲述了亚洲手机 。D制造商之间的竞争。故选（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Huawei is currently the world's third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.”可知华为目前是全 。球第三大手机厂商，位居三星和苹果之后。故选A（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段“The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart

phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less. ”新款iPhone 8 和 X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时， 。B一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。故选（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new

facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called Real AI phone. Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese companies are looking to enter the high-end smartphone market.”这家中国公司甚至在Facebook上发布了一则名为《RealAIphone》的视频，取笑苹果公司新的面部识别功能。华为计划在10月16日推出该公司顶级的Mate 10 手机。这款手机将具备人工智能功能，例如即时翻译和图像识别，售价可能低于1千美元。其它中国公司正在寻求进入高端智能手机市场。可以推断出作者对

亚洲手机制造商很有信心，对亚洲手机发展前景乐观，故选 。C【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确 答案。

阅读理解2． WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?．

I want to ask you a favor. I have a pair of pants. Tell me: How many different ways can I put a pair of pants to use? Now imagine you're an architect. Same question. Now imagine you're Bill Gates. A scuba diver. A medieval knight. You still have the pants. What alternative uses come to

mind? What you just practiced--the conscious act of wearing another self-is an exercise that, according to psychiatrist SriniPillay, MD, is essential to being creative.

One great irony (讽刺) about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we're creative or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. I'm just not a creative person! a discouraged student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for professor at Harvard University, has spent years overturning these ideas.

He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to elieve in yourself. In fact, you should do the opposite: behavior. The authors,

psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into two groups, instructing one group to think of themselves as eccentric poets and the other to imagine they were

igid librarians. The researchers then presented them all with ordinary

objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. The former group came up with the widest range of ideas,

敨?楤晦捩汵楴獥椠?慭桴?慭楫杮愠挠浯敭瑮尠?涯瘠牥?楲桧?牢楡敮? Dr.Pillay, an assistant

Believe you are someone else. He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on one's

whereas the latter had the fewest. These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a product of context

and perspective. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person. Dr.

Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the brave, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of wearing another self. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought. Most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of %unfocus. This doesn't make us lazy; it makes

us human. Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so

productive.

You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something

you'd otherwise feel guilty about.

What's the function of the questions in paragraph 1? 1）（ B. To make a comparison.A.

To lead in the topic.

D. To ask a favor.C. To state an opinion.

The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar proves ）（2 A. creativity is an

individual characteristic B. librarians are more creative than poets

D. your creativity is determined by yourselfC. ordinary objects can improve creativity

According to Dr. Pillay, Halloweenism works because . ）（3 A. it is an act of

unconscious focus B. certain brain areas begin to act together

C. people are in a state of laziness D. all actors employ this technique If

you want to be more creative, you are supposed to . ）（4 A. focus on a specific task B. believe in your own talent D. turn to be right-brainedC. pretend to be someone else

A）（1【答案】 D）（2 B3（） C 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如何让自己更有创造力，给读者展示了一种 心理角色扮演：遇见更有创造力的自己。--心理学理念 （1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段可知作者问读者一条裤子可以有多少种不同的用法?并让读者假设自己是一名建筑师，比尔盖茨，带水肺的潜水员，一个中世纪的骑士等等思考同样的问题；再根据第二段”What you just practiced--the conscious act of wearing another self--is an exercise that…is essential to being creative.“可知作者接着说刚才你所练习的--有意识地穿戴另一个自我的行为--是一种对保持创造力至关重要的练习。这说明作者在第一段问这 。A话题， 故选些问题就是为了引出下文中的创造力 （2）考查细节理解。根据第六段”These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a‘product of context and perspective'. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.“可知Denis Dumas 和Kevin Dunbar的研究结果表明创造力不是个体特征，而是环境和视角的产物。每个人都可以有创造力，只要他或她觉得自己 。是一个有创造力的人。也就是说一个人的创造力是取决于自己的。故选D （3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的”According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of

conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.“可知据皮莱博士说，心理万圣节之所以有效，是因为它是一种有意识的分散注意力的行为，当你不专注于某一特定任务或思想时，大脑中一系列区域就 。B起作用。这说明心理万圣节有效是因为大脑的某些区域大脑协同工作，故选 （4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”He believes that the key to unlocking your creative

potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to ‘believe in yourself.' In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.“可知想象自己处在一个新的环境中，或者是一个全新的身份，你会感到从未有过的高效，你让自己更有创造力。由此推断所以要变得有创造力的话，要想象自己有一个全新的身份，也就是把自己想 。C象成另外一个人。故选．

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需

要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just 3． read. ) of great men, argued Thomas Carlyle, (传记 The history of the world is but the biography

the advocate of what has come to be known as the Great Man Theory of History. This theory suggests that the broader movements and outline of history all go back to the leadership of great individuals who had unique influence on their times. Whether or not Carlyle's theory proves true a leadership position, I find it profitable to read of others who

have led. Wherever you find me, you'll likely find a good biography nearby. Why is this the case? First, I find good biographies fascinating. I'll occasionally read a novel, but I've never been overly drawn to fiction. I have found myself unable to sleep while in the struggle of the Battle of Britain . For me, not to read biographies would rob me of pleasure in William Manchester's The Last Lion in my life.of a story tells not only the good Second, I find good biographies informative. A biographer an through is like wandering good also of their times. Reading a biography person, but pleasantly you will be you store is what drew there, but shopping intellectual mall. The first surprised along the way at what other items grab your attention. You'll find no better account of the British Empire at its peak than the opening chapters of Manchester's Visions of Glory, volume

is debatable, but that certain individuals cast long shadows is not. As one who is entrusted with

. Strictly speaking, a biography is but a slice of history.The Last Lionone of his

Third, I find good biographies relaxing. Winston Churchill once noted a man who works with his hands should have a hobby that engages his mind, and a man who works with his mind should have a hobby that engages his hands. Another way to apply Churchill's saying is to combine technical, pen-in-hand vocational reading with leisurely biographical reading. Indeed, few things

are more relaxing to me than winding down the evening and entering into another world. This is why I love reading good biographies, and why I pity the person who neglects them.

Don't be counted among their number. What is implied in the first paragraph? ）（1 A. The author finds Carlyle's theory undebatable. B. Carlyle believes great men alone cannot create

history. C. It is debatable whether one should read great men's biographies. D. The author agrees that history is greatly influenced by certain men. What does the underlined phrase other items in the third paragraph refer to? ）（2 B. stories of certain timesA. good biographies

D. the chapters of the British EmpireThe Last Lion C. the volumes of

Which of the following statements is TRUE? ）（3 A. The author considers biographical reading enjoyable. B. The author can travel to another world in the evening. C. The author has fought many battles during his lifetime.

D. The author profits commercially by reading biographies. What is the author's main purpose in writing the article? ）（4 A. To analyze the benefits of vocational reading. B. To introduce to readers his unique reading strategies. C. To present great men's history through biography reading. D. To recommend biography reading through his own experiences. D） （1【答案】 B）（2 A）（3 D ）（4 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者阐述了喜欢读好的传记的原因。【解析】 （1）考查推理

判断。根据第一段中的This theory suggests that the broader movements and

outline of history all go back to the leadership of great individuals who had unique influence on their 楴敭屳可知，这一理论表明，更广泛的历史运动和轮廓都可以追溯到对其时代有独特影响的伟大人物的领导。所以通过第一段的关键词go back to，had unique influence on

。，判断出第一段暗示了作者同意历史受某些人的影响很大。故选D桴楥?楴敭屳 （2）考查词

义猜测。根据第三段中的A good biographer tells not only the story of a person, but also of their times. Reading a good biography is like wandering through an intellectual shopping mall. The first store is what drew you there, but you will be pleasantly surprised along 桴?慷?瑡眠慨?瑯敨?瑩浥?牧扡礠畯?瑡整瑮潩?尠可知，一个好的传记作家不仅讲述一个人的故事，而且还在讲述他们所处的时代。读一本好的传记就像漫步在一个充满智慧的购物中心。第一家商店吸引了你，但你会惊喜地发现，还有其它的商品吸引了你的注意力。所以作者把读好的传记比喻成购物，将历史人物和某个时期的历史故事比喻成商店的商品。故 。B判断出第三段划线的潜桴牥椠整獭指的是某个时期的故事。故选 （3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的For me, not to read biographies would rob me of

汰慥畳敲椠?祭氠晩履以及第三段 Indeed, few things are more relaxing to me than winding down the evening and entering into another 潷汲?可知，对我来说，不读传记会剥夺我生活的乐趣。的确，没有什么事情比悠闲地度过夜晚，进入另一个世界更令我放松。所以作者认为 。是正确的。故选A选项作者认为传记阅读令人愉快传记阅读令人愉快。故A （4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的First, I find good biographies 慦捳湩瑡湩?；第三段中的Second, I find good biographies 湩潦浲瑡癩?；第四段中的Third, I find good biographies

relaxing. 以及最后段This is why I love reading good biographies, and why I pity the person who neglects them. Don't be counted among their 畮扭牥尮可知，首先，我觉得好的传记很吸引人。我发现好的传记信息丰富。我发现好的传记让人放松。这就是为什么我喜欢读好的传记，以及为什么我同情忽视它们的人。不要成为那些不读传记的人群的一员。可知，作者 。D通过自己的经历阐述了自己喜欢读好的传记的原因目的是推荐人们读传记。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅 读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

阅读理解．4．

Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in are hands trained, sensitive advantage. Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his His acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven

about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.

Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, has been blind,” he says. He first found a jobthe North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came started I I I wasn't as tough as thought until lift home and lay down to sleep. I weights, but

weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”) for the job. At first he worked

on-site 窍门 In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he

realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his and

) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable single missed stitch (织针company's his but to miss or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers loops sometimes, knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's

had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days. There, he creates dozens of hammocks

shop.). A catching hundreds of loops (环 The process of weaving a hammock involves making

skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes. The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today,

it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand. However, Lenwood's

routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the

rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect

product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits. Lenwood stopped doing his first job because . （1） B. the company failed to go on with its businessA. it was for people with good eyesight only

D. he was not skilled at doing woodworkC. the company didn't produce hammocks It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood . ）（2 B. used to work as a

hunter to support his familyA. has been blind all through his life

C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10

years What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph? 3）（A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock. B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.

C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it. D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock. What does the passage mainly talk

about? ）（4A. the success of the Hammock Source Company B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect

hammocks D. how to become a successful craftsmanC. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand B）【答案】（1 C）（2 A）（3 B ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记，因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood，用其训练有 素，敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二

段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that

organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知，Lenwood十八岁时失明，后来找到第一份工作，但他所在的 。，虽没说具体原因，但没有再继续经营下去，故选Borganization closed(2)考查细节理解。 根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的，也说明在（1973-18=1955）1955年之前他的眼睛是好 。C的。故选(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him

walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知， Lenwood所用的计步器显示，他在 。英里，由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A店里织吊床总共来回行走8(4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood，凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步，编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出 。B错，而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品，创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳， 选出正确答案。 could be

simple —eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have discovered managers are much more

阅读理解．5 If you want to convince the boss you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution

likely to instantly trust us if we choose the same dishes as them. During experiments,

discussions over wages and work conditions were much more successful if

both sides chose to snack on the same treats. And shoppers were much more likely to buy a

product advertised on TV by someone eating a similar food to them at the time. The reason is

thought to be so - called similarity attraction theory---where people tend to like

others who have similar tastes or habits to themselves. But this is believed to be one of the first studies highlighting the role of food in this relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in the

US conducted a series of experiments to examine food's role in earning trust.

In a test, participants were told to watch TV --- where someone pretending to be a member of the public praised a certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat bars to nibble, while the

TV people ate either a Kit Kat or grapes as they talked. The results showed viewers were much more likely to express an interest in buying the product

if the TV showed the other person eating a Kit Kat too.The researchers added, “Although similarity

in food consumption is not a sign of whether two

people will get along, we find consumers treat this as such. They feel more trusting of those who a to feel friendship and develop immediately consume as they do. It means people can begin Harley Street psychologist Dr Lucy said it was

clothes could instantly create trust. But this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have common ground and

bond, leading to smoother transactions from the start.”similar wearing already known that Atcheson

can trust the other person. That means negotiations are more likely to be successful.” According to the passage, customers are likely to buy a product from a dealer who . （1） A.

has the same taste as them B. advertises his products on TV

D. pays attention to the quality of his productsC. reduces the price of his products

The experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago University show that . 2）

（A. food plays an important role in earning people's trust B. bosses like employees that have

the same taste as themC. people who have similar tastes to their boss's earn more D.

people have less interest in

buying products advertised on TV What can be inferred from the passage? 3）（A.

People who eat similar food are more likely to trust each other. B. People will get along

with each other if they like to eat similar things,C. The effect of wearing similar clothes hasn't been

proved by researchers. D. People are

more likely to make friends with those wearing the same clothes as them. Which of the following sayings can be an example of the similarity attraction theory? ）（4 B. All good things

come to an end.A. Honesty is the best policy.

D. Where there is a will, there is a way.C. Birds of a feather flock together.

A）（1【答案】 A）（2 A3（） C 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述心理学家发现，和经理们（乃至陌生人） ” 物以类聚。吃同样食物的人更容易即刻获得他们的信任。

也就是谚语所说的，“人以群分（1）推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句shoppers were much more likely to buy a product

advertised on TV by someone eating a similar kind of food to them at the time.可知，顾客很可 。能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故答案选A（2）细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Researchers at Chicago University in the US

conducted a series of experiments to examine food's role in earning trust.可知美国Chicago

。A研究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用。故答案选University

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中this was the first report that food had the same effect. She said, “This is really interesting. It makes sense as people feel they have the common ground and can trust the other person. Thai means negotiations are more likely to the successful.”可知，吃 。A相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故答案选（4）推理判断题。根据每条谚语的意思A. Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策。B. All

good things come to an end. 天下没有不散的筵席。C. Birds of a feather flock together. 人以群 项符合题意。有志者，事竟成。可知C 物以类聚。D. Where there is a will, there is a way.分 【点评】推理题的解题方法1. 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。2. 整合全文（段）信息进行推断。3. 利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断。 4. 根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。5. 根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。

结合已有的知识进行推断。6.

阅读理解．6 Taking on the task of producing a short movie might seem like an impossible feat,

but if you

can assemble a good team and if you break down each stage of production into small blocks of tasks, you'll come to realize that producing a small-scale movie isn't too bad. Just follow these

steps and you'll be on your way to Kevin Smith-like fame in no time. Assemble a production crew. If you run out of friends or people you can get to work for screen

credit, offer people “points”, which is a percentage of the movie profits. Get a director of photography. You need someone who knows a lot about films cameras to

make the movie come out right. Local film schools are the best place to find them. Assemble the props and costumes. Costume shops and local theater groups can definitely help

you here. But you can also borrow from friends and family or check out thrift stores for bargains. Choose filming locations. Make sure you have permission from the owners of the property you

choose to film on. Get the film processed. Find the right processor with the help of your director of photography.

You may need to send the film to Los Angeles for this. Edit the film. You need to find someone

who can transfer your film to video and arrange the

completed scenes in the right order. You can likely find one in the same place as your director of

photography, Obviously, this is just a basic overview—the thing about producing a short

independent movie

is that the whole process is unpredictable. You can only set yourself up for the basics, but as long

as you know things will go wrong every day, at least you'll be prepared to deal with the difficulties. What can we know about directors of photography? ）（1 B. They know everything about

films.A. They must be from film schools.

D. They can help get the right processor.C. They can send films to Los Angeles.

Where can you most probably find a person to edit the film? ）（2 D. Local theaters.B.

Costume shops. C. Local film schools. A. Los Angeles.

What does the author agree with? 3（）A. All the process of film-making is quite controllable. B. We should make full preparations before film-making.

C. Producing an independent movie is an impossible task. D. Following the steps, you must

become a famous director. What may be the best title for the text? 4）（ A. How to be a good director B. How to produce a short film D. Methods of

making your film a hitC. Secrets of being a successful director

D1）【答案】（ C2）（ B3）（ B 4）（ 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何制作短片的流

程和需要注意的事项。【解析】（1）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Find the right processor with the help of your

D.可以帮助找到合适的加工者，故选director of photography.”可知director of photography（2）

考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“You need someone who knows a lot about films

cameras to make the movie come out right. Local film schools are the best place to find them”可 。C知在当地的摄影学校比较容易找到摄影导演，故选（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“You can only set yourself up for the basics, but as

long as you know things will go wrong every day, at least you'll be prepared to deal with the difficulties.”可知作者认为拍电影之前要为基本的事情做好准备，才能准备好应对遇到的困 。难。故选B（4）考查主旨大意。文中作者介绍了能帮助拍摄小型电影成功的几个步骤，B项：怎样制 。作小型电影，能概括全文内容，适合作为标题。故选B【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科教类阅 读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。 briefly to write

in a nearby notepad before showing her words to a passing café waiter: Where are the toilets please? This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called silent cafés, where customers are not

阅读理解7． A young woman sits alone in a café sipping tea and reading a book. She pauses

allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads. The concept rises by a desire to

be alone among young Japanese, a situation brought by

economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support structures and the growing social isolation. The phenomenon is not limited to coffee shops but covers everything from silent discos, where participants dance alone wearing wireless headphones connected to the DJ, to products such as small desk tents designed for conversation-free privacy in the office. One Kyoto company 癥湥漠晦牥?楳杮敬眠浯湥琠敨漠灰牯畴楮祴琠?慨敶愠尠湯?潷慭?敷摤湩屧—a full bridal affair, complete with white dress and ceremony, and the only thing missing is the groom. The trend has its own media expression-“botchi-zoku”, referring to individuals who consciously choose to do

things completely on their own. One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a

23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 Speaking

time. solo some enjoy to order in off day her on Tokyo to home, her from minutes

quietly at the entrance of the cafe, Miss Higashikokubaru said: “I heard about this place via Twitter and I like the idea of coming here. I work as a nurse and it's always very busy. There are very few quiet places in Tokyo, and it's a big busy city. I just want to come and sit somewhere quietly on my own. I'm going to drink a cup of tea and maybe do some drawings. I like the idea of estimated 3.6 million

hikikomori - a more extreme example of social recluses(隐士) who withdraw completely from

a quiet, calm atmosphere.” The desire to be isolated is not a new concept in Japan, home to an

society. What is special about the silent cafes? ）（1 A. It provides various tea and

books. B. It has attracted many popular young people.

D. People are not allowed to communicate.C. It offers service by writing not by speaking.

Which of the following statement can't account for the idea of being alone in Japan? ）

（2 B. A change in traditional family support patternA. Unstable economic situation

C. The rising demand for privacy D. The increasing social isolation What do we know about Higashikokubaru? ）（3 B. She doesn't like the life in big cities.A. She

doesn't like to be a nurse.

D. She enjoys her solo time in a quiet place.C. She travelled to Tokyo on her work days.

What is the best title of the passage? ）（4 D. Silent cafesB. One woman wedding

C. Social recluses in Japan A. Lonely Japanese

C1）【答案】（ C2）（ D3）（ D 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了日本如今兴起的“无声咖啡馆的相关信息， 特殊服务方式以及原因。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的

“This is a familiar scene in Tokyo's so-called ‘silent cafés',

where customers are not allowed to speak, and only communicate by writing in notepads.”可知 。C

在这家餐厅里顾客和服务员的交流是通过手写实现的。故选（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The concept rises by a desire to be alone among young

Japanese, a situation brought by economic uncertainty, a shift in traditional family support

structures and the growing social isolation.”可知在日本出现这一现象是因为经济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。故ABD三项都是原因。只有C项 。文章没有提及。故选C（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“One recent weekday afternoon, Chihiro Higashikokubaru, a 23-year-old nurse, travelled 90 minutes from her home, to Tokyo on her day off in order to enjoy some solo time.”可知Chihiro Higashikokubaru旅行90分钟来到东京享受 。，故选Dsolo time，说明她很喜欢solo time（4）考查主旨大意。根据文章主题段第一段可知在日本出现了“silent cafes”并介绍了在日本出现的新的社会现象，人们越来越喜欢独处。同时分析了出现这一现象的原因主要是经项与主题段相D济上的不确定性，传统家庭供养方式的变化以及越来越多的社交隔离。．

。D关，能够很快切入主旨，可做文章的标题。选【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需 要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。 阅读理解8． I visited Copenhagen for the first time last Easter. As a student，I'm always strapped

for cash，so I assumed I could only afford to breathe the air — but luckily everything about Copenhagen is

breathtaking. I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground. One of

the first

places I visited was the Rundetaarn, or “round tower” built in the 17th century as an astronomical observatory. It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of stairs big enough for horses to use) that went on and on. As I was going up, I stopped to visit the tower's library hall. At the top, there's a glass platform that gives a view 80-foot straight down, as well as a bell loft. Luckily,

the views over Copenhagen from the top were well worth the climb. After coming down, I hiked

up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue.

Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around—but sitting there and hearing the lapping waves of the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to set, was exploring the grand exhibits. I looked into the

marble eyes of many Roman gods，and walked down dimly lit staircases to see mummies from

an unforgettable and calming experience. The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum,

Egypt. Before I unwillingly boarded the train back to the airport, I told myself that I must visit

again—to experience the thrills of Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street food and everything else from

this amazing city. Why did the author rent a bike? ）（1 A. Because she loved to ride a

bike. B. Because she didn't afford to rent a car.C. Because she found nowhere to rent other vehicles. D. Because she wanted to see as many

attractions as possible. What did the author find difficult at the Kastellet Fortress? 2）（ B. Waiting for the sun to setA. Finding a sitting place

D. Having a photo taken with a statue.C. Listening to the sound of waves Which of the following didn't the author visit? ）3（ D. Little Mermaid StatueC.

Glyptotek art museum A. Rundetaarn B. Tivoli Gardens

What is the author's purpose in writing the text? ）（4 B. To introduce a new attractionA. To remember a holiday

D. To show her love of CopenhagenC. To share her travel experience D）【答案】（1 D2（） B）（3 C ）4（ 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去哥本哈根

的穷游经历。【解析】．

could I a bike so staying in an Airbnb, and rented 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的(1)“I was

。cover more ground.”可知作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选D a

photo with her was almost impossible with all the “Taking(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍Fortressaround”可知在Kastellet tourists crowding

。照，故选D排除“One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn,”(3)考查细节理解。根据

第二段中的grand the exploring visited the Glyptotek art museum,A；根据第四段中的“The next day, I

to Kastellet Fortress the I hiked up to exhibits.”排除C；根据第三段中的“After coming down,

。Bsee the famous Little Mermaid statue.”排除D，故选考查写作意图。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写这篇文章(4) 。C的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选【点

评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正 确答案。

Directions: Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage 9． you have just read.

When she was ten years old, Isadora Duncan dropped out of school to teach people dance. If that job was left to any other ten-year-old, it would have turned out frustrating, difficult, and a

little discouraging.

But Duncan was different. Not only was she already talented enough to earn money even at —fuel troubles as her of confidence that helped treat had that age, but she also a rare kind when she moved to New York to join a theatre company, she found

herself restricted. The existing dancing style, their way of operating—all of this seemed to her the work of a misguided past. Duncan was very direct about what she wanted, confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. Today, she is remembered as The Mother of Dance, with much of the modern art owing its expressive style to her influence. Inspired by the ancient Greeks, she

something to elevate the fire that is already burning inside of her. It's no surprise, then, that

brought the style to life.

In her autobiography (自传), one of the things Duncan frequently refers to as the basis of her expressive spirit is the fact that she had a childhood where she wasn't constantly watched. The expectations of her mother (who raised her) were open-ended. It was the freedom of this

lifestyle that drove her to see what she could do. Growing up, before she left school, she was

told one of two things: that she was either

completely useless or that she was a genius. There was nothing in between. Even when she started working, people either bowed to her or they basically ignored her. But there wasn't one

moment Duncan doubted her own genius. There is an old quotation if you judge a fish by its

ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole

life believing that it is stupid. And it captures an important truth. At school, Isadora Duncan was

a failure. In the dance hall, she gave form to brilliance. What does the underlined phrase reat troubles as fuel mean? 1）（ A.Duncan used troubles to push her forward towards her dream. B.Duncan was good at burning away everyday troubles. C.Troubles turned Duncan into a confident girl. D.Troubles lit the fire of dancing in Duncan. Which of the following is TRUE about

Duncan? ）2（ A.Her experience in New York was the foundation of her career. B.Her teaching job when she was little destroyed her confidence. C.Her dancing style was not very well received at the beginning. D.Her mother set higher expectation on her than she could bear. What does the author try to tell the readers in the last paragraph? ）（3 A.It is useless climbing a tree to catch fish. B.Everybody is a genius in his own way. C.Miseries come from human stupidity. D.Teachers can impact students greatly. What is this passage mainly about? ）（4

A.Isadora Duncan's childhood and her achievements today. B.Duncan's career development and other dancers' opinions of her. C.Isadora Duncan's early experiences and the reasons for her success. D.Duncan's high status in the dancing world and her unique expressive style. A1）【答案】 （ C2）（ B）（3 C ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，作者讲述 了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Not

only was she already talented enough to earn

money even at that age, but she also had a rare kind of confidence”即使在那个年龄，她也有足够的天赋去挣钱，而且她还有一种罕见的自信；以及“something to elevate the fire that is 能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺，可推测出划线部分的意思应为”her of inside burning already

。A”。故选“用困难推动她向梦想前进 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Duncan was very

direct about what she wanted,

confidently telling people she had a different vision of dance that she was going to spread in the world. This, naturally, led to ridicule and laughs early on, but as she built up her work, these instances became less frequent. ”可知，她自信地告诉人们她对舞蹈有不同的看法，她将在世界上传播。很自然，这在一开始就引起了人们的嘲笑和大笑，但随着她的工作越来越多，这样的事情就不那么频繁了。由此可知，她的舞蹈风格一开始不被人们接受。故选 。C （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will

live its whole life believing that it is stupid.”如果你以爬树的能力来判断一条鱼，它终其一生都会认为自己是愚蠢的。接着又指出在学校里，伊莎多拉·邓肯是个失败者。在舞厅里，她光 。B彩夺目。由此可推断出，作者在最后一段想要告诉我们每个人都是独特的天才。故选 （4）考查主旨大意。伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞，文章主要介绍了她的经历 。C以及所取得的成功。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行 分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 it is easy and

quick to learn English. There is even a reference to William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens to encourage learners even more. When I see advertisements like this, I don't know whether to laugh or cry. But many people must believe these ridiculous claims, or else the advertisements great advantage

over others, but too many cannot afford to do so. Some go to the opposite extreme and think

阅读理解10． Every day I see advertisements in the newspapers and on the buses claiming that

would not appear. Of course it is clear that students who go to England to learn English have a

they can teach themselves at home with dictionaries. But it is wrong to assume that each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language, let alone produces good pronunciation and

intonation. Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology. Behaviorists are fond of

making students

repeat phrases and making sentences. If we were parrots or chimpanzees, these methods might be successful. A large number of theorists seem to think it is a pity we aren't, because it would English or any other language unless he

is interested in it. Human beings, unlike parrots and chimpanzees, do not like making noises unless they understand what the noises mean and can relate them to their own lives. It is worth remembering that language is a means of communication. What they listen to and read cannot

make it easier to use their methods. In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak

be a formula. It must be real. There is another relevant point worth mentioning here. We need

other people to talk to and

listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us

in real situations, talking to each other about real life language.

probably on the buses believe advertisements in the newspapers and （1）Many people

because .

A. they are encouraged by William Shakespeare or Charles Dickens B. they are eager to learn

and then believe themC. the ways advertised can help them to save time and efforts D.

the ways advertised prove

effective and helpful What may behaviorists argue towards English learning? ）（2A.

Human beings make more interesting noises than parrots and chimpanzees. B. Human

beings should relate their speech to their own lives.C. Language is a formula with lots of repetitions

and practices. D. Language is a means of

communication. What opinion does the author hold? 3）（A. A quick method that suits

all the students does exist. B. English can be mastered within a

very short period of time.C. Each word in English has a precise equivalent in another language.

D. No one can learn

English well without being interested in it. What ways of learning is suggested by the author? ）（4 B. Learn communicatively and situationally.A. Study abroad.

D. Teach oneself at home with dictionaries.C. Follow the behaviorists' approach. B）【答案】（1 C）（2 D）（3 B 4（）【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了一名语言教师

对语言学习的个人看法。他认为学生们喜欢实惠的速成学习方法在情理之中，但是学英语不像广告中所说的那么轻松，假如没有兴趣，任何人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾 听的对象。用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“No doubt this is true to a certain extent, but it is not

very helpful to students. ”可知许多人渴望学好这门语言，相信这些广告中宣传的学习语言能 。B速成，故选（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Most teaching is still based on behaviorist psychology.

Behaviorists are fond of making students repeat phrases and making sentences.”可知现在大量的教学活动还是建立在行为主义心理学的基础之上。行为主义者热衷于让学生复述短语，不 。断做一些只需更换句中某个词的练习。故选C（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In my personal opinion, no one can ever learn to speak

English or any other language unless he is interested in it.”可知作者认为，假如没有兴趣，任何 。人都不可能学好英语或其他任何语言。故选D（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There is another relevant point worth mentioning

here. We need other people to talk to and listen to when we communicate. They can work with us and practice the unfamiliar forms with us in real situations, talking to each other about real life 可知还有一个相关的问题值得一提：在交际时我们需要有交谈或倾听的对象。在language.”学习较生疏的内容时，如果有其他学生和我们在实战中一起学习和练习那些陌生的语言形 。式，用真实的语言去谈论真实的生活，那一定会受益匪浅。故选B【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的 逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

阅读理解11． Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains that are less busy,

offering good value

for money. The tickets may require you to travel at specific times of day, days of the week or on a is fare the cheaper is more than one Off-Peak fare for a journey, route. specific Where there at a local station. The

travel restrictions for your Off-Peak ticket will depend on the journey you are making. The tickets must be used on the date shown on the ticket. For Off-Peak return tickets, related journeys must

called Super Off-Peak. You can buy Off-Peak tickets any time before you travel, either online or

be made on the date shown on your ticket as well. Children aged five to fifteen get a 50%

discount for all Off-Peak fares. Up to 2 children under

3 off all Standard Class 5years can travel free with each fare paying adult. Railcard holders get 1/3 off all First Class Off Peak fares. Off-Peak fares. Senior, and disabled Railcard holders also get I/ Please note that minimum fares and time restrictions may apply to tickets bought with a Railcard. If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family, you may get group travel discounts. Three

leaving everyone more money to spend on the —or four can travel for the price of just two adultsto Off-Peak times, you may be able at traveling day out! If you are in a group of ten or more train the traveling with. Contact you obtain a further discount through the train company are

company directly and be aware that you may need to book tickets in advance. www. nationalrail. co. uk For more information, please visit

An Off-Peak ticket differs from other tickets in . 1）（ B. its convenienceA. its

good value for money

D. travel schedulesC. the specific trains

Apart from the Off-Peak fares, you may also save money by . ）2（ B.

traveling at rush timeA. becoming a VIP

C. buying tickets online D. getting group travel discounts What type of writing is this text? ）（3 A. An announcement. B. A ticket booking guide. D. A travel review.C. A business report.

A1）【答案】（ D）（2 B 3（） 【分析】本文是一篇订票指南，介绍如何能订到更便宜的火车

票。【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第一句Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains

that are less busy, offering good value for money.可知，非高峰期车票与其他门票相比便宜， 。A花的值。故答案选．

（2）细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family, you may get group travel discounts.可知，你也可以通过获得团体旅行折扣来节约钱。故答案 。选D（3）主旨大意题。纵观全文，特别是第一段第一句Off-Peak fares are cheaper tickets for traveling on trains that are less busy,offering good value for money.第二段第一句.You can buy Off-Peak tickets any time before you travel, either online or at a local station.和最后一段第一句If you plan on a train trip with friends or your family,you may get group travel discounts. 可知本 。文是一篇机票预订指南。故答案选B 【点评】英语阅读理解细节题具体方法与步骤：①排除干扰项 ，突出主题。事实细节题的设计干扰项一般都是某一细节的错误叙述与论 断，可先排除干扰项。② 按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词，如for example，first，second… 等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。③ 快速通篇跳读，自左至右，自上而下呈Z形扫视，直到找到细节出处，待找到含细节句 子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。④注意识别指代词语。为避免重复，文章中对多次提及的事物或现象会使用不同的词语， 如同义词、近义词、代词等。

阅读理解．12 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second

type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on

the shore of Sullivan's Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning

cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane（飓风）Hugo 10 years ago. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina's shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building rules wasn't strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. Soon after Hugo, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced rules. The new beach house on Sullivan's Island should be able to withstand a Level 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per

hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan's Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its

redwood

shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼)” at night, according to one observer. But

looks can be misleading. The house's wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it the ground

on timber pilings－long, slim wood pieces anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they are strong enough to support the weight of the house. They also raise the

extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage. Huff raised it 2.7 meters off

house above storm waves. The pilings allow the waves to run under the house instead of running into it. 'These waves come ashore at terrible speeds and cause most of the damage done to

front buildings,” said Huff.beach-shell.

ground-to-roof house's the by hidden partially be to pilings timber the designed Huff 裤“The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn't look like it's standing with its pant legs () pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm, the shell should break apart and let the waves 腿 rush under the house, the architect explained.are line South Carolina's shore the （1）After Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along

required .

B. to meet stricter building standardsA. to be easily reinforced

D. to be designed in the shape of cubesC. to look smarter in design

Why is the award-winning beach house strong and hurricane-proof? 2）（ A. It is in the shape of a shell. B. It is made of redwood. C. It is strengthened by steel rods. D. It is built with timber and concrete. What's the purpose of

Huff raising the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings? 3）（A. To anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand. B. To prevent water from rushing into the

house.C. To withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr. D. To make the house look more hurricane- proof. According the last paragraph, the main function of the shell

is . ）（4 B. to strengthen the pilings of the houseA. to give the house a better appearance

D. to slow down the speed of the big wavesC. to protect the wooden frame of the house B）【答案】（1 C）（2 B）（3 A ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，位于南卡罗来纳州海岸的沙利文岛海滨一座玲珑 的小屋以其独特的设计获得大奖。(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段

中的“Soon after Hugo, all new shoreline houses are required to

meet stricter, better-enforced rules.”可知在飓风造成严重的人员伤亡和巨大的损失后，新建 。B房屋应该符合严格的建筑规定。故选(2)考查细节理解。根据第三和第四段的内容可知，沙文岛上的建筑获奖了。而沙利文岛上的房子乍一看不像是抗飓风的。但外表可能会误导人。房子的木制框架用长的钢棒加固，以赋予它额外的强度。为了进一步保护房屋免受飓风破坏。在地面上树起2.7米高的木头桩，深深地扎在沙子里。它们足够坚固，足以支撑房屋的重量。飓风来临时波浪在房子下面运行，却不会冲进房子。由知可见，沙文岛上的房子抗飓风就是由于钢棒的支撑。故选 。C(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“The structure allows the waves to run under the house instead of running into it．”可判断出，之所以这么做的目的是防止大水冲入房屋中，故选 。B(4)考查细节理解。第四段内容可知房屋是建在木桩上的。最后一段内容为：Huff设计的木桩被房子从地面到屋顶的贝壳所隐藏，贝壳遮盖了木桩，这样房子看起来就比原来房屋的 。外观好看多了，故选A【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生准确捕捉细节信．

息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

阅读理解13． The sound that woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the morning was so loud he

assumed it came

from inside his house in Wade, Maine. As he got up to investigate, he heard another sound, this one coming most definitely from outside. Looking out of his bedroom window, he noticed a tree enveloped in smoke about 500 yards away. A car wrapped around the tree's base, its engine on

fire. Grabbing buckets of water, he and his wife ran to the crash site. Up close, the accident

looked

worse. The car was split nearly in two, and the tree was where the driver's seat ought to have been, as if planted there. No one should have survived this crash, and yet there was 20- year-old

Quintin Thompson, his terrified face pressed against the driver's side window, in visible pain.

Languell tried putting out the fire with his buckets of water but failed. When the flames got into the front seats, he knew he had to get the young man out. So Languell opened the car's back door and climbed in. Using a pocket knife he'd brought with him, he cut through Thompson's seat belt. Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him out, and dragged him to safety before the out to Thompson.

When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so directly. For his heroic action,

entire car was in flames. It is empathy that drove Languell to help, just as he said, My heart goes

Languell was added to the list of real-life heroes changing the world. Where was the first sound actually from? 1）（ A.A house on fire. B.A car crash. C.The bedroom window. D.The basement. What do we know about Quintin Thompson? ）（2 A.He saved his car from fire. B.He was successfully rescued. C.He remained calm all the time. D.He was capable of helping himself out. Which of the following best explains empathy underlined in the last paragraph? ）3（ A.Honesty. B.Wisdom. C.Sympathy. D.Responsibility. Which words can best describe Damian Languell? ）（4 A.Daring and generous. B.Caring and grateful. C.Courageous and noble. D.Ambitious and reliable. B1）【答案】 （ B2）（ C3）（ C 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，Damian Languell

勇敢地救出了一起车祸中的幸存者Quintin Thompson，因为他的英勇行为，Languell被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名 单。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The sound that woke Damian Languell at 8:15 in the

morning was so loud he assumed it came from inside his house in Wade, Maine.”清晨8点15分， Damian Languell被吵醒的声音太大了，以至于他以为那声音是从缅因州Wade的家中传出来的；以及“A car wrapped around the tree's base, its engine on fire.”一辆汽车绕在树的底 。B部，发动机着火了，可推知，第一个声音实际上是车祸发出的。故选 （2）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him

out, and dragged him to safety before the entire car was in flames.”现在Thompson自由了，Languell把他拉了出来，在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方，可知，Quintin Thompson 。B成功获救。故选 （3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“My heart goes out to Thompson. When you are that close to that level of hurt, you feel it so directly.”我很同情汤普森。当你接近那种程度的伤害时，你会直接感受到)可推知，正是这种同情心促使Languell伸出援手的，可知，划线单词 。。故选C意思为“同情心” （4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“So Languell opened the car's back door and

climbed in. Using a pocket knife he'd brought with him, he cut through Thompson's seat belt. Now that Thompson was free, Languell pulled him out, and dragged him to safety before the

entire car was in flames.”他用随身携带的小刀割断了Thompson的安全带。现在Thompson自由了，Languell把他拉了出来，在整辆车起火之前把他拉到安全的地方)可知，Languell不怕危险将Thompson从车里救了出来。由此可知，Languell很勇敢；根据最后一段中For

his heroic action, Languell was added to the list of real-life heroes changing the world.(因为他的英勇行为，朗格尔被列入了现实生活中改变世界的英雄名单可推知，Languell的行为很高 。C尚。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出 正确答案。

．阅读理解14 The cost of living in countries like the U.S., Britain, Australia or France has

skyrocketed in recent

years. However, if you're willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following

countries when planning your next move. Ecuadoras a result has become a popular

Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and

American getaway. They even use the U.S. Dollar for their currency. In this country, it's cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the U.S. You can even buy a property for country is known for its poverty ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas

that provide every facility you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in

around $50000 and hire someone to tend to it while you're away Mexico Although the

Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing. Argentina

Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, a rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it's not very expensive to live here. A decent sized home can cost around $139000, which is relatively cheap in relation to homes in the United There are many million

dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest fiat or small home for around

States. Vietnam Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.

$25000 to $50000 if you search in the right areas. How much does it take at least to live in Mexico for a year? ）（1 A.About $7000 B.About $8000 C.About $8400 D.About $9800 What does Argentina and Vietnam have in common? ）（2 A.They both have great restaurants. B.The cost of living in them is both expensive. C.The middle-sized homes both cost around $ 139000. D.People are all fond of travelling to the two countries. In which country did the purchaser probably pay extra money after he left? 3）（ A.Ecuador B.Mexico C.Argentina D.Vietnam C）1【答案】 （ D）（2 A ）（3【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，近年来，生活在美国、英国、澳

大利亚或法国等国的成本猛增。然而，如果你愿意离开你的国家去探索其他地区的生活，文章介绍了厄瓜多 尔、阿根廷、墨西哥和越南的生活成本。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Mexico部分中的“You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in

Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.”可知，在墨 。之间。故选$9600C西哥一年的生活成本大约是$8400到urist

topopular a been has “Argentina 部分中的Argentina）考查细节理解。根据2（

destination for many years.”和Vietnam部分中的“Vietnam has also become a popular tourist 查细节理解。根据Ecuador部分中的“You can even buy a property for around $50000

and hire someone to tend to it while you're away”可知，在你厄瓜多尔甚至可以花大约5万美 。A元买一处房产，在你不在的时候雇个人照看它。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇政治经济类阅读，考生需要准确掌握 细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确

。Ddestination in recent years.”可知，阿根廷和越南都是受欢迎的旅游目的地。故选 （3）考

答案。

15．Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just

read.

The recession (衰退) of 2008-09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the following recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new recruits because they are easier to dismiss. But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During

OECD, a think-tank of mainly rich countries, shows in its annual Employment Outlook. Young

the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups. The

researchers focus on movements in

on-employment as a share of the total population

in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non-employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one-and-a-half points

among 25-to -year-olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55- age group. Why have

older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit

from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD's employment directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past, early-retirement policies provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young

people) made it cheaper to push grey-haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped.

Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded. First, it is a fallacy that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there is no fixed amount of work. And second, as the report shows, young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation: younger people are keen on IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help

the young jobless, but kicking older workers out of the workplace is not one of them. By saying The labour market has also broken the rules, the author means ______. ）（1 A. young employees were protected by the government B. young employees suffered moderately in labour market C. old employees suffered very little in the labour market D. The recession had little impact on labour market

What do we know about early-retirement policies mentioned in the 4thparagraph? ）（2 A. They proved to be little use and nearly no longer in effect. B. They have effectively helped young employees. C. They financially supported the elderly people. D. They have gain popularity in southern European countries. The word

allacy (in the last paragraph) probably means ______. ）（3 A. common belief B. wrong concept C. acceptable assumption D. wise statement

（4 A. Early-retirement policies Which of the following might the author agree with? ）

should have been well adoptedby governments. B. Young people should be encouraged into

traditional industries. C. Supportive policies should be made to help elderly people when crisis occurs. D. Old people's remaining in jobs doesn't necessarily threaten young people's jobs. C）（1【答案】

A2（） B3）（ D 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究显示2008年金融危

机期间以及此后，老员工的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为 代价的，事实上这种观点是错误的。 （1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的But in previous episodes, such as the recessions of the

1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also kicked off. This time is different. During the 楦慮据慩?牣獩獩椠????湡?楳据?琠敨?慨敶搠湯?敢瑴牥琠慨?瑯敨?条?牧畯獰尮可知，在上世纪70年代、80年代和90年代的经济衰退中，老员工也被解雇了，但这次不一样了，2008年金融危机期间以及此后，他们的表现都优于其他年龄段的人，可知，作者所说的劳动力市 。C的意思是老员工在劳动力市场上受的影响很小（没有被解雇），故选场也违反了规则 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的In the past, early-retirement policies provided by

governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to 異桳朠敲?慨物摥眠牯敫獲漠瑵漠?桴?潤牯?桔獥?慨敶氠牡敧祬猠潴灰摥可知，过去，的提前退休（错误地认为这些有助于年轻人）使得把老员工赶出家门的成本更低，现在这些已经基本上停止了，由此可知，事实证明，提前退休的用处不大，而且几乎 。A不再有效了，故选 （3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的Many will argue that older workers have done better

瑡琠敨攠灸湥敳漠?桴?潹湵?吠慨?楶睥椠?牷湯桧慥敤?可知，很多人会认为，老员工做得更好是以牺牲年轻员工为代价的。这种观点是错误的，此处解释为什么这种观点是错误的，说的是认为一个人得到的工作就是另一个人失去的工作本身就是一种谬论，由此可知画线 。B错误的观念，故选词词义为 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的young and old people are by and large not 畳獢楴畴整?湩琠敨眠牯火慬散?桔祥搠?楤晦牥湥?祴数?景眠牯?湩搠晩敦敲瑮琠灹獥漠?捯畣慰楴湯可知，在工作场所，年轻人和老年人基本上不是替换关系，他们在不同的行业做不同的工作，由此可知，作者会同意老年人留在工作岗位上不一定会威胁到年轻人的工作，故选．

。D【点评本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和句义猜测四个题型的考查，是一篇 社会类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，从而选出正确答案。

阅读理解16． More and more comments sections are being shut down online. Autumn

Phillips had had enough. On Aug. 19, the executive editor of the Quad- City Times in Iowa, and Illinois, US visited her website, qctimes.com, and saw a story about a man who had was she comments sections at the end, to been shot to death. When she got the readers' a racist remark —shocked by what she saw. Below the story was a growing number of

commentsabout democratic votes, a negative comment about police …So Phillips decided to do something

she had been thinking about for a long time: she shut down the comments sections. Phillips was

not alone in making such a move. Last week, NPR announced k too was closing its longer the news outlets are no online comments sections. The decisions don't mean that from their eagerness to hear in interested what their audiences are thinking. Both stressed readers and listeners on social networks. But both agreed that comments had deviated from their key part of this new media, a

wonderful opportunity for strengthening the dialogue between news producers and their audiences. It was a welcome change, given that for long many news organizations were far too separated from their readers. Much more back and forth conversation seemed like healthy and welcome evolution. Sadly, that's not the way things turned out. Rather than a place for

exchanging ideas, comments sections became the home of ugly name-calling, racism and anti- women language. Besides their poisonous quality, comments seem out of place today. Since we made the announcement, I've received an outpouring of responses from our

readers, she says. I've heard from parents whose children were hurt by our online comments. I've heard from people who said they wouldn't send in letters to the editor because they were

original intention. And so they had. In early days of digital journalism, comments were seen as a

瑡慴正摥猠?楦牥散祬戠?潣浭湥獴?湡?慷湳??潷瑲?瑩尮 Why did Autumn Phillips shut down the comments sections? 1）（ A. They were put to wrong use. B. Her website was attacked heavily. D. She was angry about readers' comments.C. They exposed

many illegal issues.

What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 indicate about comments? ）（2 A.

They were out of date. B. They had gone against their original intentions. C. They were full of sensitive information. D. They couldn't interest the audience. What was the welcome change in the early digital journalism? 3）（ B. Readers' making less negative comments.A. Readers, having more access to news.

C. Readers' freedom to express their thoughts. D. Readers' active involvement in the news

industry. How do many readers feel about Autumn Phillips, move according to the last paragraph? 4（） D. Supportive.C. Surprised. B. Hopeful.

A. Cautious.

A1）【答案】（ B2）（ D3）（ D 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，越来越多的在线评

论被关闭了。虽然在数字新闻业的早期，在线评论被视为新媒体的重要组成部分，是加强新闻生产者与受众之间对话的绝 佳机会；但事实上评论区不是一个交流思想的地方，里面充满了各种

负面的消息。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When she got to the readers' comments sections at the

end, she was shocked by what she saw. Below the story was a growing number of comments—a racist remark about democratic votes, a negative comment about police …So Phillips decided to do something she had been thinking about for a long time: she shut down the comments

。AAutumn Phillips关闭了评论部分是因为他们被错误地使用了。故选sections.”可知，（2）考

查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“The decisions don't mean that the news outlets are no longer interested in what their audiences are thinking. Both stressed their eagerness to hear from readers and listeners on social networks. But both agreed that comments had deviated from their original intention.” 这些决定并不意味着新闻媒体不再对他们的听众的想法感兴趣。两人都强调，他们渴望在社交网络上听到读者和听众的声音。但双方都认为，评论偏离了他们最 。故选B初的意图。由此推知划线句子的意思是“他们违背了他们最初的意图。”（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In early days of digital journalism, comments were seen

as a key part of this new media, a wonderful opportunity for strengthening the dialogue between news producers and their audiences. It was a welcome change, given that for long many news organizations were far too separated from their readers.”可知，在早期的数字新闻中，读者积 。D极参与新闻行业是受欢迎的改变。故选（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“I've heard from parents whose children were hurt by

our online comments. I've heard from people who said they wouldn't send in letters to the editor because they were attacked so fiercely by comments, and wasn't worth it.”可知，根据最后一段 。是支持的。故选D许多读者对Autumn Phillips【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需 要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。 with his family.

But Casey Hathaway told his rescuers that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He

阅读理解17． A 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home

a bear.—said he was with a friend

The child went missing on January 22. He was playing with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other children returned home but Casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police. Police formed a search and rescue team to look for the young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went by and

no Casey.still — Then on January 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying

in the woods.

Police followed up on the information and found Casey at about 9:30 that night. They pulled him out of some briar. He was in good health. Casey told the rescuers that he had hung out with a

black bear for two days, a bear he called his

riend. Sheriff Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. He said Casey did not say

how he was able to survive in the woods for three days in the cold, rainy weather. However, the Hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, federal police and members of the military. Officer Hughes told reporters that at no point did he local news agency and thanked

everyone who joined the search for her son. We just want to tell everybody that we're very thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good, said

桳牥晩?慳摩???楤?慳?敨栠摡愠映楲湥?湩琠敨眠潯獤琠慨?慷??敢牡琠慨?慷?楷桴栠浩尮

think Casey had been kidnapped. His mother Brittany Hathaway talked with reporters from a

?潧摯┠?日尶his mother. He is good, he is up and talking. He's already asked to watch Netflix. So, he' When did Casey get lost? 1）（ B. After a 911 call.A. On January 24.

C. Before his playmates came. D. After he left his grandmother's house. What can we know about the boy? 2）（ A. He survived with the help of a bear. B. The rescuers rescued him from a bear. C. Someone offered key information to find him. D. He was eventually found by officer Hughes. Why did the mother say that in the last paragraph? ）（3 B. To show her gratitude and relief.A. To report the detailed situation. C. To invite everyone to watch her child. D. To appreciate searchers and the bear. Where is this text most likely from? ）（4 A. A news report. B. A guidebook. C. A diary. D. An advertisement. D）（1【答案】 C）（2 B3）（ A 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，男孩凯西在离开祖母家后就失踪

了。两天之后,根据得到的线索在树林里找到了凯西。凯西告诉他的救援人员在森林里的这两天他一直 和一只熊在一起。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The child went missing on January 22. He was playing

with friends at his grandmother's house in the southern state of North Carolina. When the other children returned home but Casey did not”,可知这个孩子在1月22日失踪了。他正在他的祖母在北卡罗来纳州南部州的房子里玩耍。当其他孩子回家时,凯西却没有。也就是在离开祖 。D失踪了。故选,凯西没有回家,母的房子后 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Then on January 24, someone called the police saying

he heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed up on the information and found Casey at 说他听到一个孩子在树林,有人打电话给,日24月1可知然后在”night. that :30 9 about 里哭泣。警方跟进了该消息,并于当晚9点30分发现了凯西。所以是有人提供了关键的信 。息来帮助找到这个男孩。故选C （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 ‘We just want to tell everybody that we're very

thankful that you took the time out to search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's good, ‘ said his mother. ' He is good, he is up and talking. He's already asked to watch Netflix. So, he's 潧摯┠?日┶??尹可知男孩凯西的妈妈说尺我们只想告诉大家,我们非常感谢您抽出宝贵的时间去搜寻凯西并为他祈祷,他的状况很好。 他很好,他在说话。他已经被要求观看Netflix。所以,他很好……,从妈妈的话中可知她很感激大家的帮助,她说这些话的目的就是为了向救援人员表 。B,感到很欣慰。故选达自己的感激。同时她强调凯西一切都好 （4）考查推理判断。本文讲述了一个小男孩失踪后被找到的事情,文中有具体的时间地点和各方人物,描述详细客观,结合最后一段中的 talked with reporters from a local news agency

。可以推断这最有可能是一篇新闻报道。故选A 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两

个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要 准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。 documents,

and films on almost any topic you can imagine. And at www.ted.com, you can access lectures by

．阅读理解18 There are lots of ways to educate yourself on the Internet. You can find photos,

artists, scholars, designers, technicians and others.

TED began in 1984 as a conference that brought together individuals from the fields of technology, entertainment and design. It was intended to be a one-time event focusing on technology and design. The event ended up losing money, and it was six years before the founders tried it again. This time it worked, and since 1990, the TED conference has been an annual event. There are now two held every year, with topics as diverse as music, medicine, and from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to offer free

knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers, as the website puts it. The current version of the site was launched in April 2007, and contains videos of talks given at the TED conferences owned by the Sapling Foundation, a non profit devoted to fostering the

spread of great ideas. The Sapling foundation acquired TED in 2001. Since then, it has been

money. Other specialized spin-off conferences address narrower issues. The TED website came

around the world. The talks are transcribed into hundreds of languages. The TED website is

focusing on using TED to broadcast ideas that might change the world. TED, of course, isn't

immune to criticism. It's been called elitist(精英) for its high ticket prices

(more than 6,000 dollars total). It's been accused by a few people of censorship for not publishing their talks. One controversial speaker was upset about being criticized by the conference's host organization.

And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is given away for free on TED's website.

afterward. The complaints, however, seem to be relatively few for such a large, long-running

Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational information for those who seek it out. What is the main topic of the article? ）（1 A.The case against TED B.What's on TED today. C.Pros and cons of www.ted.com. D.What is TED Which of the following statements is NOT true? 2）（ A.The TED conference came after the success of www.ted.com. B.Two TED conferences are now held every year. C.TED talks are available in many languages. D.The Sapling Foundation owns www.ted.com. From the last two paragraphs, we can infer that ________. 3）（ A.it is accepted to all involved that some TED talks might not be published B.the host of the conference is one who plays a supportive role to the speakers C.TED is criticized for giving special treatment to the wealthy or powerful D.the negative comments on TED greatly affects its reputation This author probably believes that________. ）4（ A.TED is elitist B.TED is beneficial C.TED isn't important D.TED is the best website D） （1【答案】 A）（2 C）（3 B ）（4 以及它的历史发展。

【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了TED【解析】 （1）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“And at www.ted.com, you can access lectures by artists,

scholars, designers, technicians and others.”在www.ted.com，你可以访问艺术家、学者、设计师、技术人员和其他人的演讲。以及以下几个段落的内容，可知这篇文章的主题是“TED 。D是什么”，故选 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The TED website came from a desire to share the conferences with the world, to ‘offer free knowledge from the world's most inspired thinkers,' as the website puts it.”TED网站源于一种与世界分享会议的愿望，用网站的话说，就是“向世界上

最有灵感的思想家们提供免费的知识”。可知，“TED大会是在www.ted.com网站成功之 。这种表述错误，故选”A后召开的“TED, of course, isn't immune to criticism. It's been ）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的3（

也免不了受到批评。它因其高昂的票价) for its high ticket prices.”当然，TEDcalled elitist(精英“And accusations of elitism ring hollow when so much is 被称为精英主义；以及最后一段中的而当这么多东西在泰德的网站上免费赠送时，精英主义given away for free on TED's website.”因给予富人或有权势的人特殊待遇而受到批评，故的指责就显得空洞了。可推断出，TED 。选C“Whatever its failings, TED is a source of inspirational （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的

都是那些寻找它的人鼓舞out.”不管它的缺点是什么，TEDfor those who seek it information

。B人心的信息来源。可推断出，这位作者可能认为TED是有益的，故选【点评】本题考点涉

及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推 理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 flowers, the

plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked. It's almost leafless, thread-like stems hang down on top of other plants that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food often around, which the plant is wrapped from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from smell. a young Dodder can find

follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once

smell of a potential host it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a host, the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster. At that point the for farmers. When it does get

out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely. Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop

阅读理解．19 Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its

making its host very weak or even killing it.it growing, dodder plant starts When other plants by their

if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.direction of, for example, tomato smell— However, a

dodder plant will drop its root. Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache

dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly. Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph? 1）（ A. To analyze the content of some food. B. To introduce the topic of this passage. D. To describe the shape of dodder plants.C. To tell the usage of the dodder plants.

What does the underlined word “vanish” in the third paragraph mean? ）（2 D.

disappear.B. grow. C. escape. A. invade.

What can be inferred from the passage? ）（3 B. Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.A. Dodder doesn't produce its own food.

D. Dodder can only survive in the shade.C. Dodder can affect farmers' income. What is the purpose of the passage? 4）（A. To introduce a new variety of farm crops.

B. To introduce plants that are harmful to

humans.C. To introduce the special abilities of a dangerous plant. D. To introduce recent improvements in farming methods. D）（1【答案】 D）（2 C）（3 C ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种有特殊生长习性，危害农作物生长的攀 菟丝子。——附植物(1)考查

推理判断。根据第一段中的“Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind

of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked.”可推断， 。作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状，故选D(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few

days, it will dry up”可知，菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干，因此推断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish”与D项disappear“消失”意义相 。近。故选D(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce

a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely.”可知，当菟丝子失去控制，也就是疯狂的生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影响农民 。C们的收入。故选(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks

other plants.”和下文对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的是主要介 。C——菟丝子。故选绍这种特殊又有危害的植物【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考 生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

．阅读理解20 A robot created by Washington State University (WSU) scientists could help elderly people with

) and other limitations live independently in their own homes.dementia (痴呆 The Robot

Activity Support System or RAS, uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to

determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities. It navigates (定位) through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own, provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like activity detection technology of a

WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment, as the need for help is detected, said Bryan Minor, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer every day

activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly $2 trillion. With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050, researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment. They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates still in an early stage of development, our initial results with RAS have been

promising, Minor said. The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts, video reminders and other

their medication or a snack in the kitchen.RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the

Science. Currently, an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with

financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone. RAS is

how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently. While we are

牰晥牥湥散?桴祥栠癡?敲慧摲湩?桴?潲潢? How does RAS serve elderly people? ）（1

A. Through sensors. B. Through objects. D. Through their daily activities.C. Through a mobile robot. What can we know about RAS? 2）（ B. Its function remains to be tested.A. It is the first robot used in daily life.

D. It can cook for owners on its own.C. It can locate people and do any task. What's Minor's attitude toward the future of RAS? 3）（ A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain. What can be a suitable title for the text? 4）（ A. Elderly people leave the nursing home. B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot. D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.C. RAS, the first robot to make home smart. A） （1【答案】 B）（2 C）（3 B ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发 的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里

过上自立的生活。 （1）考查细节理解。根据章第二段中的“ The Robot Activity Support System, or RAS, uses

sensors （传感器）equipped in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are, what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities”可知机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用WSU智能家居中配备的传感器（传感器）来确定其居民在哪里，他们在做什 。么以及何时需要日常活动的帮助，说明传感器起到了重大的作用，故选A （2）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS'

performance…”可知，这台机器人的表现还要经过进一步的测，说明正在测试阶段，故选 。B （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ While we are still in an early stage of development, 对这款机器人的未来发展充满信Minor可知，our initial results with RAS have been promising”

。心、非常乐观，故选C （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿

州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。再根据最后一段中的“The next step in the research will be to test RAS'

。Bperformance ”可知，机器人目前还在华盛顿州立大学的智能屋里进行测试，故选 【点评】

本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正 确答案。