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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

1.agree with,agree to和agree on

*agree with...指“同意某人或某人的意见、观点、决定、想法、安排、解释”等,其后可以是一个名词,也可以是what引起的从句。如:

I don’t agree with you.

I don’t agree with what you said.

*agree to...是指“同意某计划、建议、或建议”等;后跟动词原形,意为“同意干某事”。如: Who else will agree to this suggestion besides him? We agreed to start early.

*agree on...指在某方面取得一致的看法或意见。如: We agree on leaving for Beijing the next day. 2.answer和reply

*answer是常用词,可指口头、笔头,甚至行动回答,有时可与reply通用。如: Who can answer the question? Please answer the telephone.

*reply较answer正式,既可指用语言、书面作答,也可指用动作或手势作答,常用于正式场合或书面语中,指经过慎重考虑作出的答复。如:

I sent in my application,and the school replied immediately. I don’t know what to reply.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

注意: 在表示回答问题时,answer后直接跟question;reply后要加介词to。试比较: answer the question回答问题;reply to the question回答问题。

3.apologize to和apologize for

*apologize to sb.相当于say sorry to sb. 表示“向某人道歉”。如: You should apologize to the old man.

*apologize for sb.意为“替某人道歉或认错”。如: Johnny ,I want to apologize for us all. 注意: apologize to后通常只接表示人的名词或代词,apologize for后除可接表示人代名词或代词外,还可接表示事物的名词。apologize for sth. 意为“因......而道歉”。如: I must apologize for the untidy state of the room. I must apologize for calling you so late.

4.argue about和 argue with

*argue about指“为某事而争论、争吵”。如: Don’t argue about the matter any more.

*argue with指“为某人争吵、争论或吵架”。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

The two brothers often argue with each other. 注意: 表示“因某事与某人争吵”或“与某人辩论某事”为argue with sb. about sth.或argue against sb. on sth.。如: They argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.

5.arrive,reach和get to

*arrive是不及物动词,其后不能直接跟表示地点的名词,与at或in连用后可以跟表示地点的名词;表示使用某种交通工具到达时常用arrive。如:

Has the train arrived?

They arrived at the village on a rainy night. 注意: arrive at指到达较小的地方,如车站、机场、码头、学校、工厂、商店等。如: It was dark when I arrived at the airport. arrive in指到达较大的地方,如村庄、城镇、地区、国家等。如: When did you arrive in Beijing yesterday?

*reach是及物动词,正式用语,其后直接跟表示地点的名词。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

He reached Japan on October the second 2017.

*get to是短语动词,相当于及物动词,在口语中用用的多,使用的范围也很广,不管是步行还是乘车、乘船、乘飞机等到达目的地或中途暂停都可以用。如:

Can you tell me how I can get to the airport? 注意: 当arrive,get to后跟副词home,here,there时,arrive后不再用at或in,get后不再用to。如: When the train arrived here,it was raining hard. When did you get home?

6.be,become,get和turn

*be表示“成为”时,多用于将来时、祈使句或不定式。如: I would like to be a bus-driver.

My younger sister wants to be a movie star.

*become多指身份、职位等的变化,强调变化的过程已经完成,后面可接名词或形容词。如: Later the boy became an artist.

Her mother became angry when she heard the news.

*get多用于口语,表示一种变化过程,强调的是“渐渐变得”,后常接形容词的比较级。如: It’s getting darker and darker outside. In winter the days get shorter.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*turn指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同,强调变化的结果。如: Leaves turned brown in the mountains. 7.be about to和be going to

*be about to意为“就要、即将干某事”,指最近的将来,表示动作马上就要发生。如: Don’t leave now. We are about to have lunch.

*be going to意为“即将、打算干某事”,表示对某事事先有准备、有计划或有打算,也可表示预计要发生或不可避免要发生的事。如: Look,it’s cloudy. It’s going to rain. 注意: be about to本身已清楚地表示出即将到来的短暂时刻,故句子中不能与at once,immediately及表示具体的将来的时间连用。如: I’m about to go.(不能说成:I’m about to go at once.或I’m about to go tomorrow.)

8.be angry about,be angry at和be angry with

*be angry about指对某事生气,其后跟表示某事的名词或代词。如: He was angry about the noises in the next room. *be angry at指对某人的言行生气。如: He was angry at her answer.

*be angry with指对某人生气,其后跟表示人的名词或代词。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

She is angry with me. 9.beat和win

*beat后接表示人及人的群体名词或代词作宾语,常用于游戏或比赛中战胜某人或打败某人。如: Our class beat Class One in the table tennis match yesterday.

*win后接表示事物的名词或代词作宾语,在句子中通常与game,match,prize等词搭配,表示在某项活动或比赛中获胜。如:

Who won the game?

She won the first place in the competition.

【一言辨异】Yesterday I beat my classmate at chess. He won only one set,while I won two sets.昨天下棋我赢了我同学。他只赢了一盘,而我赢了两盘。

10.believe和believe in

*believe指相信某人或某人说的话。强调人或事的诚实和真实性。如: Don’t you believe me?

I don’t believe until I see it with my own eyes.

*believe in指信赖或信任某人的人格、力量等;也指信奉某宗教、神等。如: We believe in him,for he is always careful with everything. 11.be made of和be made from

*be made of指从所制成的物品中能看到原材料,即原材料只发生了物理变化。如: Our desks and chairs are all made of wood.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*be made from指从所制成的物品中看不出原材料,或者说是原材料发生了化学变化。如: Some paper is made from wood. 注意: 有时,在制成品中很难断定能否看出原材料,这时be made后用of或from皆可。如: Bread is made of/from flour.

12.be out,go out和turn off

*be out表示“熄灭、灭”时,指灯、火等熄灭的状态,句子的主语通常是表示灯或火的名词而不是人。如:

The forest fires were out at last because of two days’ heavy rain.

*go out表示“熄灭、灭”时,侧重于灯或者火熄灭的动作,句子的主语是表示灯或者火的名词而不是人。如:

The lights went out the o’clock last night.

*turn off 表示“熄灭、灭”时,是指某人把灯或火熄灭的动作,句子的主语是人而不是表示灯或火的词。如:

Please turn off the light before you leave the room. 离开房间前请关上灯。 注意: be out ,go out 表示自身的动作,即当主语是灯、火、灯火一类的词时,用be out或go out;当主语是人时,则用turn off。如: 7 / 27

初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

The fire one the hill was out yesterday. 山上的大火昨天就熄灭了。 Will you please turn off the TV? 请关上电视好吗?

【一言辨异】The light went out suddenly.Do you know who turned it off ?点灯突然熄灭了,你知道是谁关的吗?

13.be pleased at ,be pleased with 和be pleased to

*be pleased at 指“因……高兴”,其后常常跟动名词。如:

We are pleased at hearing of your success. 听说你获得成功,我们都感到高兴。

*be pleased with 指“对……感到高兴;对……感到满意”,其后的宾语可以是物,也可以是人。如:

The boss was pleased with John’s work . 老板对约翰的工作是满意的。 They were very pleased with the boy . 他们对那个男孩很满意。

*be pleased to 指“高兴做……;乐意做……;因做……而感到高兴”,其后要用动词原形,如: I am very pleased to help you .我非常乐意帮助你。 注意: be pleased at 与 be pleased with 有时候可以互换使用,这时其后只能接名词,如: He is pleased with (at) the bike . 那辆自行车他很满意。

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

14. be proud for和be proud of

*be proud for 指“为……感到骄傲、自豪”,强调主语设身处地地为他人取得的成就而感到自豪。如:You have four books published so far , I am proud for you .到目前为止,你已经出版四本书了,我为你感到自豪。

*be proud of 指“因……感到骄傲、自豪”,一般指自己有了某人、某物、某成就而感到骄傲或自豪。如:

He is proud of his daughter’s ability to speak four languages . 他为女儿能说四种语言而骄傲。 15.be strict in 和 be strict with

*be strict in 指在某一方面或某事上对自己要求严格,in 后接表示某事的名词,如: We all must be strict in our study. 我们必须在学习上严格要求自己。 *be strict with 指对某人严格要求,with 后接表示人的名词,如: Our teacher is very strict with all of us .我们老师对我们大家要求很严格。 注意: be strict 后跟反身词表示对某人自己严格要求用with ,不能用 in。如: We should be strict with ourselves in our study at school, 在学校我们应当在学习上严格要求自己。 16.be used to 和get used to

*be used to 指已经习惯于某一客观事实或状态,并不强调动作。如: He is be used to the weather here . 他已经习惯于这里的天气。

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*get used to 指的是从不习惯到习惯的这样一个过程的转变,强调动作,还往往包含克服困难去适应的意思。如:

In the end he got used to the weather here . 最后他终于习惯于这里的天气了。 注意: be used to 和get used to 后跟动词是要用动名词形式。如: They are used to getting up early in the morning . 他们已习惯于早上早起床了。 17.be used to 和used to

*be used to 表示“已经习惯于干某事”,指某动作过去不常做而现在已经习惯做了,强调目前的情况。 to 后接名词或动名词。如:

The teacher is used to going to bed late in the evening .老师已经习惯于晚上晚睡觉。

*used to 表示“过去常常干某事”,指过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,现在已不再那样,侧重与现在的比较; to 后用动词原形。如:

The woman used to help the others in troubles . 那妇女过去常常帮助有困难的人。 He used to play basketball after school . 他过去放学后常常打篮球。 注意: ①used to do 表示“过去常常干……”;used to be 表示“过去常常是……”。如: The old man used to be a great airplane driver, 那位老人过去是一位出色的飞机驾驶员。 The young pioneers used to help the old carry water after school , 那些少先队员过去常常在放学后10 / 27

初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

帮老人打水。 ②be used to do 表示“……被用来做……”,其后的不定式作主语补足语。如: Computers are used to help people do many things . 电脑被用来帮助人们做很多事情。 18.borrow ,lend和keep

*borrow 指从主语的角度“借进、借人”,表示“从(向)……借……,自己暂时使用”,常与 from 连用,构成borrow sth .from sb .句型。如:

You can borrow this dictionary from the library . 你可以从图书馆借那本字典。

*lend指“把……借给”,表示将自己的东西借给别人,常与 to 连用,构成lend sth. To sb. 句型。如; I have lent my bike to Xiao Li 。我把自行车借给小李了。

*keep指借阅或保留多长时间,常与 how long ,for 引起的时间连用。如: How long may I keep the book? 这本书我可以借多长时间?

【一言辨异】I have an MP3 here ,you can borrow it and keep it for two weeks , but you mustn’t lend it to others . 我这儿有一款MP3 ,你可以借去用,而且可以借两周,但是你不能把它借给别人。

19.bring,take ,carry,fetch和get

*bring 指从别处把东西或人带来、哪来。如: He brought a new book with him . 他带来一本新书。 *take 指把东西带走或拿走。如:

Please take the letter to the post office . 请把这封信带到邮局去。

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*carry指带较重的东西,不强调动作的方向性。如; Let me carry the box for you . 让我替你拿这个箱子吧。

*fetch 指到别处去把某人或某物带来或拿来,有去回双程的意味。如: Please fetch some chalk for me . 请去给我拿些粉笔来。 *get是常用词,多用于口语,与 fetch 同义。如: Go and get some water .去打些水来。 20.buy ,afford 和 get

*buy 指花钱购买,侧重于购买的行为。如: I bought a bike last week .上周我买了一辆自行车。

*afford 指有足够的钱买某物,侧重于购买者的经济能力。如: I was not able to afford a new car . 我买不起新车。 *get 指买到某物,侧重于购买的结果。如:

She got two tickets for today’s train . 她买了两张今天的火车票。 注意: ①buy 是短暂动作的动词,在现在完成时状态中不能与 how long 及 for 引起的一段时间连用。在表示某物买了多长时间时要用have 代替buy. 如: I have had the dictionary for two years . 这本字典我买了两线了。 12 / 27

初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

How long have you had your bike ? 你的自行车买了多长时间了? ② can’t afford to buy sth. 意为“买不起……”;can’t afford to waste sth. 意为“浪费不起”。 21.catch a cold 和 have a cold

*catch a cold 表示“感冒”,强调动作,但不能延续。如:我们可以说 He caught a cold . 他感冒了。但不可以说 He has caught a cold for two days . 他感冒两天了。

*have a cold 表示“感冒”强调状态,可以延续,有时可以与catch a cold 通用。如: The boy often has /catches a cold . 那男孩经常感冒, He has had a cold for three days . 他已经感冒三天了。 注意: ①catch a cold 中的冠词 a 可以省略,而 have a cold 中的冠词a 不可以省略。如: 正:Be careful not to catch cold . 当心别感冒。 误:Be careful not to have cold . 当心别感冒。 ②cold 前面若有形容词修饰时,catch a cold 中的冠词 a 则不能省去。如: 正:He seemed to have caught a very bad cold . 他好像患了重感冒。 误:He seemed to have caught very bad cold . 他好像患了重感冒。 22.close 和 shut

*close 常指把开着的门窗、盒子、箱子等关闭起来,其反义词是 open。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

Did you close all the doors and windows ?你把所有的门窗都关上了吗?

*shut 常可与close互换,但shut更强调把门窗等管好,使不能通过或打开。如: You should shut the door before going to bed ,睡觉之前你应当把门关好。 注意: ①表示关闭公路、铁路、或交通渠道时,一般只用close而不用shut。如: They’re closed the road for repairs . 他们已关闭这条公路,要翻修。 ② 下列表示语气比较重或者比较粗暴的句子仅用shut,而不用close。如: Shut up! 闭嘴! Shut the bloody door! 关上那个鬼门! He shut his eyes to the severe reality .对于这严峻的现实,他闭着眼睛假装看不见。

23.collect 和 gather

*collect 指有目的、有计划、有挑选地精心收集。如:

He collected a lot of valuable stamps .他收集了许多有价值的邮票。 *gather 指一点点地收集,或把分散的东西集中到一块。如: The country girl gathered some firewood . 那个农家姑娘拾了些柴火。 24.cost ,take ,pay 和spend

*cost 表示“花费”时既可以指花费时间,也可以指花费金钱,句子的主语通常是物或事,只有主动式,没有被动式。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

The pen cost me ten yuan .这支钢笔花了我十元钱。 The job cost a lot of time .那项工作花了很多的时间。

*take 常用来指花费时间,句子的主语通常是it 作形式主语放在句首,真正主语不动词放在句末。如:

It take me three hours to go there .我去那儿需要花三个小时。 *pay 指花费金钱,句子的主语是人。如:

I paid 5000 yuan for the computer .买那台电脑花了我五千元。

*spend 表示花费时,宾语通常是时间、金钱等,强调句子的主语必须是人,常用的句型有spend…on 和spend(in)doing。如:

She spent a lot of money on books .

她花了很多钱买书。

She spent the whole evening (in) reading.她把整个晚上都用来读书。 【一句多译】我爸爸买那辆车花了十二万元。 The car cost my father 120000 yuan. It took my father 120000 yuan to buy the car. My father paid 12000 yuan for the car. My father paid 12000 yuan on the car. My father paid 12000 yuan buying the car. 25.die of和die from

*die of指因疾病、年老、悲伤或饥饿等而死亡。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

The old man died of SARS.

*die from指死于非命,即因交通事故等外部原因而致死。如: Thousands of people die from traffic accidents every year. 26.deal with和do with

*deal with常与how连用,表示处理的方式。如: How are you going to deal with the TV set?

*do with往往与what搭配使用,表示处理的结果。如: What are you going to do with the camera you found? 27.dislike和hate

*dislike指不喜欢、讨厌、反感、憎恶,表示认为某人或某物使人不愉快从而不喜欢他们,没有hate所表达的感情强烈。如:

I dislike his way of talking.

*hate指对某人、物或行为表示极大的不满或厌恶,有时含有敌视并伤害对方的意思。如: We hate our enemy.

28.dress,wear,put on和have on

*dress强调穿的动作,后跟表示人的名词或代词作宾语,只用于穿衣服,不表示穿鞋、袜或戴帽子、手套、手表等。如:

She dressed her brother every morning.

*wear强调穿、戴的状态,其后可以跟衣服、鞋帽、袜子、手套、手表等作宾语。如:

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

She is wearing a black jacket.

*put on强调穿、戴的动作,后跟衣、帽、鞋、袜等作宾语。如: He put on his coat and hat and went out.

*have on强调穿、戴的状态,相当于wear,但have on没有进行时态和被动语态。如: She had on a red dress that day. 29.find和look for

*find意为“找到、发现”,侧重“找”的结果。如: He lost watch was found yesterday.

*look for表示“寻找”,侧重“找”的动作和过程,不强调结果。如: What are you looking for in the room?

【一言辨异】My brother looked for a job everywhere,but he hasn’t found one till now yet.我哥哥到处找工作,但直到现在也没找到。

30.forget和leave

*forget指大脑不能记起或回忆不出过去的人、事物或事情,其反义词是remember。如: I forgot his name.

*leave指因粗心而没带某物或把某物落在某处,其后往往有一个地点状语。如: I left my key at home.

He left his exercise book in the classroom. 31.go to bed,go to sleep和fall asleep

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*go to bed意为“去睡觉、就寝”,指上床睡觉这一动作,但不一定睡着。如: I used to go to sleep at eleven o’clock.

*go to sleep意为“入睡”,指睡着了,强调睡觉的结果。如: I often go to sleep very late in the evening.

*fall asleep与go to sleep用法相同,但fall asleep更强调进入睡眠的状态。如: When I visited him,he fell asleep in the chair. 注意: get to sleep,get into sleep,be asleep都有“入睡、睡着”的意思。get to sleep,get into sleep与go to sleep用法相同;be asleep与fall asleep用法相同。他们常常可以通用。

32.hanged和hung

*hanged表示“绞死、吊死、上吊、处以绞刑”时,它的过去式和过去分词时hanged。如: They hanged the prisoner at dawn.

*hung表示“悬挂、吊着”时,它的过去式和过去分词是hung。如: They hung four paintings in the foyer. 33.happen和take place

*happen为常用词语,指一切客观事物或情况偶然或未能预见地发生。如: The accident happened yesterday.

*take place指“发生事先计划或预料的事”。如:

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The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned. 34.have和there be

*have表示所属关系,指某人或某物所有或具有。如: I have a brother. The table has four legs.

*there be表示存在关系,指某处有某物。如: There isn’t anything interesting in today’s newspaper. 注意: ①当主语时第三人称单数时,have要用其第三人称单数形式has。如: The girl has a digital camera. ②There be句型的现在时态形式是there is,there are;过去时态形式是there was,there were;将来时态形式是there will be;完成时态形式是there have been。如: There will be a sports meeting in our school next week.

35.have a word with和have words with

*have a word with意思是“与......谈话”,无论谈话是内容多少,word都不能使用复数。如: Are you free now? I want to have a word with you.

*have words with意思是“与......吵架”,在表示这个意识时,word必须用复数形式。如: Fangfang has words with her husband again yesterday.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

注意: have words with sb.等于quarrel with sb.都是“与某人吵架”的意思。

36.hear和listen to

*hear及物动词,表示“听见、听到”,强调“听”的结果,不一定是有意识地听。如: I heard someone knocking at the door just now.

*listen to是指有意识地“听”,但不一定能听见,强调“听”的行为。如: Please listen to the teacher carefully in class.

【一言辨异】I listened to them carefully outside the door,but heard nothing.我在门外仔细地听了听,但什么也没听到。

37.hope和wish

*hope意为“希望、盼望”,指实现某一愿望有把握或有信心。Hope后常跟动词不定式或从句作宾语,不能直接跟名词、动名词或符合结构。如:

I hope to see you next week. I hope that you will come tomorrow.

*wish意为“希望、愿望”,一般用于“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”,强调主语的主管愿望,指“希望、愿、想”;wish还常用于祝贺句中。如:

I wish I could have a new car. We wish you a safe journey.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

38.influence和affect

*influence指通过说服、举例等对他人的行为、思想、性格等方面作产生的、不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响,也可指自然力的影响。如:

What you read influences your thinking.

*affect指产生的影响之大足以引起反应或发生变化,着重“影响”的动作,主语通常是物不是人,指一事物对另一事物产生的消极影响。如:

This article will affect my thinking. 39.join,attend和take part in

*join指参加某个组织并成为该组织中的一个成员。如: He joined the Party last year.

*attend指出席,参加某场合,着重指动作。如:attend a meeting出席会议;attend a lecture听演讲,听课;attend a wedding参加婚礼。

*take part in常用来指参加某项活动,并在活动中起一定作用。如: They took part in the game last Friday. 注意: join表示参加游戏等活动时,其后要加介词in,如join in a game参加游戏。 40.leave和leave for

*leave意为“离开”,指从......走出或远离,作及物动词时,其后的名词就是离开的地方。如: I left the school last month.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*leave for意为“动身去某地,前往某地”,强调离开的目的是为了去某地,leave for后的名词是不离开的地点,而是要去的地方。如:

I’m going to leave for the school this afternoon. 注意: 表示“离开某地去某地”用leave...for...。如: Her father left the city for Shanghai yesterday. 41.Let’s和Let us

*Let’s指向对方提出建议,劝诱对方一同做某事,即“咱们去做某事吧”,强调我们做,对方也一起做;反意疑问句用shall we。如:

Let’s have a rest,shall we?

*Let us指向对方提出请求,请求对方允许,即“让(或允许)我们做某事”,强调对方不做,我们做;反意疑问句用will you。如:

Let us have a rest,will you? 42.like,love,enjoy和be fond of

*like指单纯地对某人或某一事物感兴趣或有好感,并经常或积极去参与。其后可以跟名词、动词不定式或动名词。如:

I like English. He likes reading aloud.

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*love包含一定的感情色彩,意为“爱、热爱、(深深地)喜欢”,其后可以跟名词、动词不定式或动名词。如:

We love our motherland.

The boy is a football fan and he loves watching football matches very much.

*enjoy表示“喜爱、喜欢”,侧重于“欣赏、享受......的乐趣”,其后只接名词或动名词,不能跟动词不定式。如:

The old man enjoys fishing.

Mary enjoyed the gift from her boyfriend.

*be fond of表示“喜欢、爱好、喜好”,强调对某事有深厚的情感,近乎于嗜好、酷爱的程度。其后跟名词、代词或动名词。如:

He is fond of sweet food. 注意: love表示“喜欢”的意思时,一般不用于否定句;love用于否定句时意为“爱”如: She likes him,but she doesn’t love him. 43.look,see和watch

*look表示“看、望”是不及物动词,指有意识地集中精力看,但不一定看见或不强调看的结果。其后接宾语时要加介词at。如:

She looked at me with a smile.

*see意为“看见、看到”,强调动作的结果。其后可直接跟名词作宾语。如: I saw him standing at the gate.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*watch意思是“观看、注视”,指全神贯注地看。看电视、看戏、看比赛、看实验以及各种表演、场面等一般用watch。如:

They watch TV only on Sunday evening. They are watching a football match. 注意: 表示“看书、看报、看书信、看刊物、看杂志”等要用read;“看医生”要用see。

44.pay,pay for和pay ... for

*pay意为“付款,付给,支付”,表示支付某物的费用或把钱付给某人,其后的宾语可以是金钱、账单及各种费用等,也可以是人。如:

Who will pay our traveling expense?

He hasn’t paid the mobile phone bill yet this month.

*pay for意为“付......的钱,为......付款”,表示为所买的东西或其他费用付款。其后的宾语是物或事等。如:

How much did you pay for the book? I have paid for the meal.

*pay ... for意为“为......付款,付给(某人)......的费用”,表示为某物或某事支付......费用,或为某事或某物付给某人款,常用的结构有①pay some money for sth.;②pay sb. some money for sth.;③pay sb. for sth.。如:

I paid ten yuan for the English book.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

He paid me 20 yuan for the dictionary. When will you pay us for the work? 45.say,speak,tell和talk

*say意思是“说、说出、说道”,着重说话的内容,多用作及物动词。如: He said thanks to the young man. I have something to say.

*speak着重讲话这一动作本身,既可指系统的长篇讲话,又可指简单的开头发言,但不注重说的内容。如:

The baby is learning to speak. Our monitor will speak at the meeting.

*tell是及物动词,有“告诉、讲......”的意思。既注重说话的内容,又有告诉的对象,因此tell后常跟双宾语。如:

He told her that the dress was sold. 注意:tell a story意为“讲故事”。

*talk侧重与人交谈时的连贯说话,指双方之间的相互交谈。如: I’m talking to a friend.

46.think of,think about和think over

*think of表示“想到、想起、想出、记得”,指对以前事情的回忆或对新的事物的提出,后接名词或动名词。如:

I can’t think of his name at the moment.

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Can you think of a good way to spend our holiday?

*think about意思是“考虑”,指对某事的思考与反思,后接名词或动名词。如: Everyone is thinking about his or her future. I’m thinking about changing my job.

*think over表示“仔细考虑、仔细琢磨”,含有对某问题动脑经,努力而深入思考的意味。如: Please think over what I’ve said to you.

We should think the plan over before we carry it out. 注意: think of在疑问句中与what连用,构成What do you think of...?句型,表示“你觉得...怎么样?”与How do you like...?句型同义。如: What do you think of the movie? How do you like the bike?

47.turn on,turn off,turn up和turn down

*turn on表示“打开、旋开”,指打开自来水、燃气等的开关及点灯、电视、收音机、电闸、电冰箱等电器的开关。如:

Don't turn on the radio. The baby is sleeping.

*turn off表示“关上”,指关上自来水、燃气等的开关及点灯、电视、收音机、电闸、电冰箱等电器的开关。如:

Turn off the light when you leave the room.

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初中英语语法——易混动词用法辨析

*turn up表示“开大”,指把收音机、电视机、音响等的声音调大,或把点灯等的亮度调高,自来水的流量开大等。如:

I can’t hear a word. Please turn up the TV.

*turn down表示“关小、调低”,指把收音机、电视机、音响等的声音关小,或把点灯等的亮度调低,自来水的流量关小等。如:

Would you please turn down the water? We shouldn’t waste water. 注意: 这些短语中的on,off,up,down都是副词,后接代词作宾语时应放在词组的中间,后接名词作宾语时,通常放在词组的后面,有时候也可放在词组的中间。如: The radio is too loud. Can you turn it down a little?

48.wake up和wake...up

*wake up时自身的动作,表示某人自己从熟睡中或睡梦中醒来。如: I usually wake up at six o’clock in the morning.

*wake...up中间接表示人的名词或代词,意为“把某人叫醒、弄醒、唤醒”,wake后是被叫醒的人。如:Please wake your father up when you get up.

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